Karl Marx spent his life analyzing how capitalism shapes society. He wrote about alienation, commodity fetishism, and the ways economic systems warp human relationships. If he were alive today, he’d probably take one look at TikTok, understand exactly what it was doing to us, and delete the app immediately. Not because he’d be a boomer […]
Jean-Baptiste Say never owned a smartphone. He died in 1832, decades before the telegraph, let alone Twitter. Yet the French economist understood something fundamental about wealth creation that applies more today than it did in his era of steam engines and spinning jennies. Say argued that entrepreneurs don’t just shuffle resources around. They create value
Before Substack, before email there was a man in a powdered wig writing letters at a furious pace. François Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire, churned out more than 20,000 letters during his lifetime. That’s not correspondence. That’s a content empire. Most people picture Voltaire hunched over philosophy books or scribbling plays by candlelight. But
John Locke never said this explicitly, but buried in his ideas about government lies an uncomfortable truth: the very systems we create to protect our freedom will inevitably eat away at it. This isn’t a bug in the Lockean system. It’s a feature. And we’re watching it play out in real time. Most people remember
The Paradox of Progress: Why John Locke Thought We’d Get Less Free Over Time Read More »
Everyone has walked past a gold mine at some point. The opportunity was there, sitting in plain sight, but we simply did not see it. Later, someone else noticed it and made millions. We slap our foreheads and wonder how we missed something so obvious. Israel Kirzner, an economist who spent decades studying what makes
Israel Kirzner on Why the Most Alert Entrepreneurs are Often “Social Outsiders” Read More »
You swipe left. You swipe right. You send clever messages into the void. You show up to coffee dates with people who looked better in their photos and told better stories in their bios. Six months later, you’re still doing the same dance. But here’s the twist: staying single might be the most rational decision
When we measure human intelligence, we use IQ tests. When we measure computing power, we count operations per second. But how do you measure the intelligence of something bigger and stranger, like a corporation, a city government, or an entire economy? Herbert Simon spent his life answering this question, though he never put it quite
The IQ of an Effective System According to Herbert Simon Read More »
Thucydides watched Athens destroy itself through the very alliance meant to protect it. Twenty-five centuries later, we might be watching a rerun. The Delian League began with the noblest of intentions. Greek city-states, exhausted from repelling Persian invasions, needed collective security. They needed someone strong enough to coordinate defense, wealthy enough to maintain a navy,
NATO is the New Delian League: And We All Know How That Ended (Thucydides) Read More »
Every April, millions of people experience the same ritual humiliation. They calculate how much money they earned through honest work, then watch roughly a third of it vanish into government coffers through income tax. Meanwhile, the person living off inherited wealth in the penthouse upstairs pays less tax than the janitor who cleans it. Something
Your authentic self is probably holding you back. I know how that sounds. We live in an age where authenticity is the supreme virtue. Bring your whole self to work. Be genuine. Stay true to who you are. The self help section of every bookstore groans under the weight of books telling you to dig
Stop Being “Authentic” and Start Being Efficient Read More »